Zucchini plant care is like other summer squash. They need warm temperatures and at least six hours of full sun per day. Grow them in well-draining, consistently moist and slightly acidic soil; this usually means about one inch of water per week.

Organic mulch will block weeds and keep the soil temperature more even. You can add a trellis to keep the plants off the ground, but you would need to tie the vines on, since zucchini do not naturally climb.

The biggest threat to zucchini is squash vine borers. Use pesticides if necessary, and you might take a year off from planting if the soil is already infested. Other common pests and diseases include aphids, cucumber beetles, powdery mildew and bacterial wilt.

Although you do not need to start zucchini indoors, it will give you a jump on the growing season, especially in cooler regions. Do so 3-4 weeks before transplanting, using a high-quality seed-starting mix and 4-6 inch biodegradable pots or cell trays. Sow the seeds a half-inch deep and keep the soil warm and moist, providing 12-16 hours a day of sunlight or grow lights. Consider a humidity dome to maintain ideal conditions.

Plant zucchini in-ground when the danger of frost has passed, which may not be until mid-to-late spring. In warm growing zones, choose a site where there is some afternoon shade to protect zucchini against the hottest weather. Create hills of soil to improve drainage, pollination and warmth early in the growing season. You can do a second planting in mid-July or August for a second harvest; this round often matures faster because of the warmer temperatures.

Zucchinis are known to sprawl, and containers will make the most of limited space. Use well-draining pots that are at least five gallons with a lightweight potting mix.

Regular, nutrient-rich fertilization is a must for large and healthy zucchini. A balanced 10-10-10 fertilizer following product instructions is usually the best choice. Suitable organic fertilizers include compost, fish emulsions, worm castings and manure. Work fertilizer into the soil when planting, then begin your schedule about a month later. Do soil testing to determine if additional nutrients are needed, or if you need to adjust the soil pH.

As an annual plant, zucchini needs to be replanted each growing season. That said, in southern regions, zucchinis work very well as a winter crop. Use mulch to insulate the soil, and add a cold frame or cover if necessary. You can also grow zucchini indoors, although supplemental equipment like grow lights and heating mats are often necessary.

You should prune zucchini plants to increase air circulation and sunlight exposure while encouraging new growth. Pruning also makes it easier to see pests. Trim tips and dead leaves when the flowers start to form, then continue as needed, being sure not to cut stems or fruit.

Zucchinis are ready to harvest when they are at least six inches in length, have the variety’s full color and are firm. Use sharp, sterile pruning shears or a knife to cut them off the vine with a short steam remaining on the plant. Harvest frequently, as zucchinis that grow too long will get stringy and lose their flavor.